Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals, sentence 8
Horses were first tamed about 5,000 to 6,000 years ago on the grasslands of what are now Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan.
What happens: tame, be · To what, where: Horses, grasslands, Ukraine
This is a sentence of the lesson «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 tamed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 tamed | aux:pass |
| 3 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 tamed | advmod |
| 4 | tamed | tame | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | about | about | ADV | _ | 6 5,000 | advmod |
| 6 | 5,000 | 5000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 years | nummod |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 6,000 | case |
| 8 | 6,000 | 6000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 5,000 | nmod |
| 9 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 4 tamed | advmod |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 grasslands | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 grasslands | det |
| 13 | grasslands | grassland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 tamed | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 what | case |
| 15 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 grasslands | nmod |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 Ukraine | cop |
| 17 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 Ukraine | advmod |
| 18 | Ukraine | Ukraine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 what | acl:relcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Russia | punct |
| 20 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Ukraine | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Kazakhstan | cc |
| 22 | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Ukraine | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 tamed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tame | past · passive | Horses | the grasslands | ago, first property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | |||
| 2 | is a | present | Ukraine and Russia and Kazakhstan | now | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/8/