The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos, sentence 15
Scientists look for life on Mars and on moons such as Europa and Enceladus, which have oceans under ice; on Earth life survives in boiling vents and frozen lakes, but no life beyond Earth has been found yet.
Who acts: Scientists, Europa, Earth life · What happens: look, have, survive, freeze, find · To what, where: Mars, oceans, ice, boiling vents, life
This is a sentence of the lesson «The future of life: de-extinction, climate, coral and frozen zoos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, Europa, Earth life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 look | nsubj |
| 2 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 life | case |
| 4 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 look | obl |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 Mars | case |
| 6 | Mars | Mars | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 look | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 moons | cc |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 moons | case |
| 9 | moons | moon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 Mars | conj |
| 10 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 12 Europa | case |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 such | fixed |
| 12 | Europa | Europa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 moons | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 Enceladus | cc |
| 14 | Enceladus | Enceladus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Europa | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 have | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 have | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 Europa | acl:relcl |
| 18 | oceans | ocean | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 have | obj |
| 19 | under | under | ADP | _ | 20 ice | case |
| 20 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 oceans | nmod |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 survives | punct |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 life | case |
| 23 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 life | compound |
| 24 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 survives | nsubj |
| 25 | survives | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 have | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 vents | case |
| 27 | boiling | boiling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 vents | compound |
| 28 | vents | vent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 survives | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 lakes | cc |
| 30 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 lakes | amod |
| 31 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 vents | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 found | punct |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 found | cc |
| 34 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 35 life | det |
| 35 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 found | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 37 Earth | case |
| 37 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 life | nmod |
| 38 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 found | aux |
| 39 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 40 found | aux:pass |
| 40 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 look | conj |
| 41 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 40 found | advmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 look | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | Scientists | Mars and moons such Europa and Enceladus | for life | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for life=Theme on mars=Location | |||
| 2 | have | present | Europa and Enceladus | oceans | ice | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ocean=Patient | |||
| 3 | survive | present | Earth life | boiling vents and frozen lakes | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in vent=Location | ||||
| 4 | freeze | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | find | present · perfect · passive | no life beyond Earth | yet | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/297-the-future-of-life-de-extinction-climate-coral-and-frozen-zoos/15/