The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor, sentence 17
Cassowaries swallow fruit whole and spread the seeds of over 200 kinds of plants in their droppings.
Who acts: Cassowaries · What happens: swallow, spread · To what, where: fruit, seeds, droppings
This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cassowaries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cassowaries | cassowary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 swallow | nsubj |
| 2 | swallow | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 swallow | obj |
| 4 | whole | whole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 swallow | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 spread | cc |
| 6 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 swallow | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 seeds | det |
| 8 | seeds | seed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 spread | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 kinds | case |
| 10 | over | over | ADV | _ | 11 200 | advmod |
| 11 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 kinds | nummod |
| 12 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 seeds | nmod |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 plants | case |
| 14 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 kinds | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 droppings | case |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 droppings | nmod:poss |
| 17 | droppings | dropping | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 spread | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 swallow | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swallow | present | Cassowaries | fruit | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | spread | present | Cassowaries not said here | the seeds of 200 kinds of plants | plants's droppings | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent seed=Theme in dropping=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/17/