The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor, sentence 2
The floor is the forest's kitchen and recycling bin: fungi, bacteria, termites and worms turn a fallen leaf into food for the trees again in just weeks, so the soil itself stays thin and poor.
Who acts: floor, fungi, soil · What happens: be, turn, fall, stay · To what, where: kitchen, fallen leaf, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from below: understorey and forest floor» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (floor, fungi, soil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 floor | det |
| 2 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kitchen | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kitchen | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 forest | det |
| 5 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kitchen | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 forest | case |
| 7 | kitchen | kitchen | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 bin | cc |
| 9 | recycling | recycling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bin | compound |
| 10 | bin | bin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kitchen | conj |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 fungi | punct |
| 12 | fungi | fungi | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 turn | nsubj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 bacteria | punct |
| 14 | bacteria | bacteria | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 fungi | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 termites | punct |
| 16 | termites | termite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 fungi | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 worms | cc |
| 18 | worms | worm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 fungi | conj |
| 19 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kitchen | advcl |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 leaf | det |
| 21 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 leaf | amod |
| 22 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 turn | obj |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 24 food | case |
| 24 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 turn | obl |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 trees | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 trees | det |
| 27 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 food | nmod |
| 28 | again | again | ADV | _ | 19 turn | advmod |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 weeks | case |
| 30 | just | just | ADV | _ | 31 weeks | advmod |
| 31 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 turn | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 stays | punct |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 37 stays | advmod |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 soil | det |
| 35 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 stays | nsubj |
| 36 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 35 soil | nmod:unmarked |
| 37 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 kitchen | conj |
| 38 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 stays | xcomp |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 poor | cc |
| 40 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 thin | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 kitchen | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the floor | the forest's kitchen and recycling bin | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | turn | present | fungi and bacteria and termites and worms | a fallen leaf | food for the trees | again; week | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme into food=Trajectory | ||
| 3 | fall | participle | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | stay | present | the soil floor | thin property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:003-the-rainforest-from-below.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/3-the-rainforest-from-below/2/