Snakes and lizards, sentence 14

Gecko toes have millions of tiny hairs that stick by very weak forces between molecules, adding up to a grip strong enough to hang from a ceiling.

Who acts: Gecko toes, tiny hairs · What happens: have, stick, add up, hang · To what, where: millions, ceiling

This is a sentence of the lesson «Snakes and lizards» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gecko toes, tiny hairs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gecko	gecko	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 toes	compound
2	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 hairs	case
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 hairs	amod
7	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 millions	nmod
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 stick	nsubj
9	stick	stick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hairs	acl:relcl
10	by	by	ADP	_	13 forces	case
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 weak	advmod
12	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 forces	amod
13	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 stick	obl
14	between	between	ADP	_	15 molecules	case
15	molecules	molecule	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 forces	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 adding	punct
17	adding	add	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 stick	advcl
18	up	up	ADP	_	17 adding	compound:prt
19	to	to	ADP	_	21 grip	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 grip	det
21	grip	grip	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 adding	obl
22	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 grip	amod
23	enough	enough	ADV	_	22 strong	advmod
24	to	to	PART	_	25 hang	mark
25	hang	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 strong	advcl
26	from	from	ADP	_	28 ceiling	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 ceiling	det
28	ceiling	ceiling	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 hang	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	Gecko toes	millions of tiny hairs			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient
2	stick	present	tiny hairs			by weak forces between molecules	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme by force=Destination
3	add up speech: assert	gerund	tiny hairs not said here			to a grip	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to grip=Co-Patient
4	hang	to-infinitive	tiny hairs not said here		a ceiling		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:030-snakes-and-lizards.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/30-snakes-and-lizards/14/