Snakes and lizards, sentence 15
A chameleon is a four-legged lizard, and its tongue can be longer than its body and shoots out in a fraction of a second, and chameleons change colour mostly to show mood and control temperature.
Who acts: chameleon, tongue, chameleons · What happens: be, shoot out, change, show, control · To what, where: legged lizard, fraction, colour, mood, temperature
This is a sentence of the lesson «Snakes and lizards» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chameleon, tongue, chameleons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 chameleon | det |
| 2 | chameleon | chameleon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lizard | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 lizard | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 lizard | det |
| 5 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 legged | nummod |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 four | punct |
| 7 | legged | leg | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lizard | amod |
| 8 | lizard | lizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 longer | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 longer | cc |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 12 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 longer | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 longer | aux |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 longer | cop |
| 15 | longer | long | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 lizard | conj |
| 16 | than | than | ADP | _ | 18 body | case |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 body | nmod:poss |
| 18 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 longer | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 shoots | cc |
| 20 | shoots | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 longer | conj |
| 21 | out | out | ADP | _ | 20 shoots | compound:prt |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 fraction | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 fraction | det |
| 24 | fraction | fraction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shoots | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 second | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 second | det |
| 27 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 fraction | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 change | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 change | cc |
| 30 | chameleons | chameleon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 change | nsubj |
| 31 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 lizard | conj |
| 32 | colour | colour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 change | obj |
| 33 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 35 show | advmod |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 show | mark |
| 35 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 change | advcl |
| 36 | mood | mood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 show | obj |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 control | cc |
| 38 | control | control | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 show | conj |
| 39 | temperature | temperature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 control | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 lizard | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a chameleon | a legged lizard | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | can | ceiling's tongue | than ceiling's body; long property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | shoot out | present | ceiling's tongue not said here | a fraction of a second | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in fraction=Destination | ||||
| 4 | change | present | chameleons | colour | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient | ||||
| 5 | show | to-infinitive | chameleons not said here | mood | mostly property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mood=Recipient | |||
| 6 | control | infinitive | chameleons not said here | temperature | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:030-snakes-and-lizards.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/30-snakes-and-lizards/15/