The big biology quiz, part 3: dinosaurs, evolution, conservation and food, sentence 14
A fossil is the remains or traces of a living thing kept in rock, such as bones, shells, footprints or even dung, and most fossils formed under water.
Who acts: fossil, most fossils · What happens: be, live, keep, form · To what, where: remains, living thing, rock, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «The big biology quiz, part 3: dinosaurs, evolution, conservation and food» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fossil, most fossils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 fossil | det |
| 2 | fossil | fossil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 remains | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 remains | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 remains | det |
| 5 | remains | remains | NOUN | Number=Ptan | root | root |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 traces | cc |
| 7 | traces | trace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 remains | conj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 thing | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 thing | det |
| 10 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 thing | amod |
| 11 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 remains | nmod |
| 12 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 thing | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 rock | case |
| 14 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 kept | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 bones | punct |
| 16 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 18 bones | case |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 16 such | fixed |
| 18 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 thing | appos |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 shells | punct |
| 20 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 bones | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 footprints | punct |
| 22 | footprints | footprint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 bones | conj |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 dung | cc |
| 24 | even | even | ADV | _ | 25 dung | advmod |
| 25 | dung | dung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bones | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 formed | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 formed | cc |
| 28 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 29 fossils | amod |
| 29 | fossils | fossil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 formed | nsubj |
| 30 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 remains | conj |
| 31 | under | under | ADP | _ | 32 water | case |
| 32 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 formed | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 remains | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a fossil | the remains or traces | of a living thing | tree rules | |||
| 2 | live | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | keep | participle | a living thing not said here | rock | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in rock=Location | ||||
| 4 | form | past | most fossils | water | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under water=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:300-the-big-biology-quiz-part-3-dinosaurs-evolution-conservation-and-food.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/300-the-big-biology-quiz-part-3-dinosaurs-evolution-conservation-and-food/14/