Owls of the world: barn owls, eagle owls, elf owls and burrowing owls, sentence 16

Owls have four toes on each foot, and the outer toe can swing forward or back, so two can point forward and two back in an X-shaped grip; the osprey can do the same trick.

Who acts: Owls, outer toe, two, osprey · What happens: have, swing, point, shape, do · To what, where: four toes, foot, same trick

This is a sentence of the lesson «Owls of the world: barn owls, eagle owls, elf owls and burrowing owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Owls, outer toe, two, osprey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Owls	owl	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 toes	nummod
4	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 foot	case
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 foot	det
7	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 toes	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 swing	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 swing	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 toe	det
11	outer	outer	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 toe	amod
12	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 swing	nsubj
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 swing	aux
14	swing	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 have	conj
15	forward	forward	ADV	_	14 swing	advmod
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 back	cc
17	back	back	ADV	_	15 forward	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 point	punct
19	so	so	ADV	_	22 point	advmod
20	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	22 point	nsubj
21	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 point	aux
22	point	point	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 swing	parataxis
23	forward	forward	ADV	_	22 point	advmod
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 two	cc
25	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	22 point	conj
26	back	back	ADV	_	22 point	advmod
27	in	in	ADP	_	32 grip	case
28	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 grip	det
29	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 shaped	compound
30	-	-	PUNCT	_	29 X	punct
31	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	32 grip	amod
32	grip	grip	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 back	obl
33	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 do	punct
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 osprey	det
35	osprey	osprey	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 do	nsubj
36	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	37 do	aux
37	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 point	conj
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 trick	det
39	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 trick	amod
40	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 do	obj
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	Owls	four toes	each foot		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toe=Patient
2	swing	can	the outer toe			forward property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	point	can	two			forward property	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	shape	participle					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
5	do	can	the osprey	the same trick			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trick=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls/16/