Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants, sentence 0
A 2022 study estimated there are about 20 quadrillion ants on Earth (a 2 with 16 zeros after it), about two and a half million for every person, and more than 14,000 known kinds.
Who acts: 2022 study, 20 quadrillion ants · What happens: estimate, be about, know · To what, where: two
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (2022 study, 20 quadrillion ants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 study | det |
| 2 | 2022 | 2022 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 study | nummod |
| 3 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 estimated | nsubj |
| 4 | estimated | estimate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 are | expl |
| 6 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 estimated | ccomp |
| 7 | about | about | ADV | _ | 8 20 | advmod |
| 8 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 ants | nummod |
| 9 | quadrillion | quadrillion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ants | compound |
| 10 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 are | nsubj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 Earth | case |
| 12 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 ants | nmod |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 zeros | punct |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 2 | det |
| 15 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 18 zeros | nummod |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 16 | case |
| 17 | 16 | 16 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 18 zeros | nummod |
| 18 | zeros | zero | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 quadrillion | appos |
| 19 | after | after | ADP | _ | 20 it | case |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 zeros | nmod |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 18 zeros | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 two | punct |
| 23 | about | about | ADV | _ | 24 two | advmod |
| 24 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 estimated | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 half | cc |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 half | det |
| 27 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 24 two | conj |
| 28 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 half | flat |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 person | case |
| 30 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 31 person | det |
| 31 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 million | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 kinds | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 kinds | cc |
| 34 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 36 14,000 | advmod |
| 35 | than | than | ADP | _ | 34 more | fixed |
| 36 | 14,000 | 14000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 38 kinds | nummod |
| 37 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 kinds | amod |
| 38 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 two | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 estimated | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | estimate | past | a 2022 study | two and a half and 14,000 known kinds | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Value | ||||
| 2 | be about | present | 20 quadrillion ants on Earth | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | know | participle | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants/0/