Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lorikeets and the cheeky kea, sentence 18
More than a quarter of parrot kinds are threatened, mainly by forest loss and the pet trade; escaped ring-necked parakeets now live wild in cities like London and Madrid.
Who acts: forest loss, escaped necked parakeets · What happens: threaten, escape, neck, live · To what, where: quarter, cities
This is a sentence of the lesson «Parrots of the world: macaws, cockatoos, African greys, lorikeets and the cheeky kea» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forest loss, escaped necked parakeets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | More | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 4 quarter | advmod |
| 2 | than | than | ADP | _ | 1 More | fixed |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 quarter | det |
| 4 | quarter | quarter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 threatened | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 kinds | case |
| 6 | parrot | parrot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kinds | compound |
| 7 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 quarter | nmod |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 threatened | aux:pass |
| 9 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 mainly | punct |
| 11 | mainly | mainly | ADV | _ | 9 threatened | advmod |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 loss | case |
| 13 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 loss | compound |
| 14 | loss | loss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 threatened | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 trade | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 trade | det |
| 17 | pet | pet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 trade | compound |
| 18 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 loss | conj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 threatened | punct |
| 20 | escaped | escape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 parakeets | amod |
| 21 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 necked | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 ring | punct |
| 23 | necked | neck | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 parakeets | amod |
| 24 | parakeets | parakeet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 live | nsubj |
| 25 | now | now | ADV | _ | 26 live | advmod |
| 26 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 threatened | parataxis |
| 27 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 live | xcomp |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 cities | case |
| 29 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 live | obl |
| 30 | like | like | ADP | _ | 31 London | case |
| 31 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 cities | nmod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 Madrid | cc |
| 33 | Madrid | Madrid | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 London | conj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 threatened | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | threaten | present · passive | forest loss and the pet trade | a quarter of parrot kinds | mainly property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | escape | participle | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | neck | participle | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | live | present | escaped necked parakeets | cities like London and Madrid | now | wild property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in city=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:303-parrots-of-the-world-macaws-cockatoos-african-greys-lorikeets-and-the-cheeky-kea.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/303-parrots-of-the-world-macaws-cockatoos-african-greys-lorikeets-and-the-cheeky-kea/18/