Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants, sentence 17
Scientists put tiny stilts on Saharan desert ants and they walked too far past their nest, while ants with shortened legs stopped short; the ants measure distance by something like counting steps and use the sun for direction.
Who acts: Scientists, ants · What happens: put, walk, shorten, stop, measure, count · To what, where: tiny stilts, Saharan desert ants, nest, distance, steps, sun
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, ants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 put | nsubj |
| 2 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 stilts | amod |
| 4 | stilts | stilt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 put | obj |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 ants | case |
| 6 | Saharan | Saharan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 ants | compound |
| 7 | desert | desert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ants | compound |
| 8 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 put | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 walked | cc |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 walked | nsubj |
| 11 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 put | conj |
| 12 | too | too | ADV | _ | 13 far | advmod |
| 13 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 walked | advmod |
| 14 | past | past | ADP | _ | 16 nest | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 nest | nmod:poss |
| 16 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 walked | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 ants | punct |
| 18 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 23 stopped | mark |
| 19 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 stopped | nsubj |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 legs | case |
| 21 | shortened | shorten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 legs | amod |
| 22 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 ants | nmod |
| 23 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 walked | advcl |
| 24 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 stopped | xcomp |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 distance | punct |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 ants | det |
| 27 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 measure | nsubj |
| 28 | measure | measure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 put | parataxis |
| 29 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 measure | obj |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 something | case |
| 31 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 28 measure | obl |
| 32 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 33 counting | mark |
| 33 | counting | count | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 something | acl |
| 34 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 counting | obj |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 use | cc |
| 36 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 counting | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 sun | det |
| 38 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 use | obj |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 40 direction | case |
| 40 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 use | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 put | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | past | Scientists | tiny stilts | Saharan desert ants | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent stilt=Theme on ant=Destination | |||
| 2 | walk | past | ants = ant | ants's nest | far property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past nest=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | shorten | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | stop | past | ants with shortened legs | short property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | measure | present | the ants | distance | by something | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme distance=Value | |||
| 6 | count | gerund | steps | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Theme | |||||
| 7 | use | present | the sun | for direction | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent sun=Theme for direction=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants/17/