Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants, sentence 18
Matabele ants of Africa raid termites, and when an ant is hurt the others carry it home and lick its wounds, which helps it survive, scientists reported from 2017.
Who acts: Matabele ants, others, sun, scientists · What happens: raid, hurt, carry, lick, help, survive · To what, where: termites, ant, sun, wounds, 2017
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ants of the world: weaver ants, bullet ants, honeypot ants and trap-jaw ants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Matabele ants, others, sun, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Matabele | matabele | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ants | compound |
| 2 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 raid | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Africa | case |
| 4 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 ants | nmod |
| 5 | raid | raid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | termites | termite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 raid | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 carry | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 carry | cc |
| 9 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 13 hurt | mark |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 ant | det |
| 11 | ant | ant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 hurt | aux:pass |
| 13 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 carry | advcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 others | det |
| 15 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 carry | nsubj |
| 16 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 raid | conj |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 carry | obj |
| 18 | home | home | ADV | _ | 16 carry | advmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 lick | cc |
| 20 | lick | lick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 carry | conj |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 wounds | nmod:poss |
| 22 | wounds | wound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 lick | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 helps | punct |
| 24 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 helps | nsubj |
| 25 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 lick | advcl |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 helps | obj |
| 27 | survive | survive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 helps | xcomp |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 reported | punct |
| 29 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 reported | nsubj |
| 30 | reported | report | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 helps | conj |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 2017 | case |
| 32 | 2017 | 2017 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 reported | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 reported | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | raid | present | Matabele ants of Africa | termites | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent termite=Location | ||||
| 2 | hurt | present · passive | a ant | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | carry | present | the others | sun | home property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 4 | lick | present | the others not said here | sun's wounds | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent wound=Source | ||||
| 5 | help | present | sun | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | survive | infinitive | sun not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | report | past | scientists | 2017 | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | wound | sun | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/304-ants-of-the-world-weaver-ants-bullet-ants-honeypot-ants-and-trap-jaw-ants/18/