Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees, sentence 10
Bumblebee colonies are small, often a few dozen to a few hundred bees; only the new queens survive the winter, sleeping underground, and in spring each queen starts a new nest alone.
Who acts: Bumblebee colonies, new queens, queen · What happens: be, survive, sleep, start · To what, where: new nest
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bumblebee colonies, new queens, queen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bumblebee | bumblebee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 colonies | compound |
| 2 | colonies | colony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 small | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 small | cop |
| 4 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 dozen | punct |
| 6 | often | often | ADV | _ | 9 dozen | advmod |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 dozen | det |
| 8 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 dozen | amod |
| 9 | dozen | dozen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 small | parataxis |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 bees | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 hundred | det |
| 12 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 hundred | amod |
| 13 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 bees | nummod |
| 14 | bees | bee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 dozen | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 survive | punct |
| 16 | only | only | ADV | _ | 19 queens | advmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 queens | det |
| 18 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 queens | amod |
| 19 | queens | queen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 survive | nsubj |
| 20 | survive | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 small | parataxis |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 winter | det |
| 22 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 survive | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 sleeping | punct |
| 24 | sleeping | sleep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 survive | advcl |
| 25 | underground | underground | ADV | _ | 24 sleeping | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 starts | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 starts | cc |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 spring | case |
| 29 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 starts | obl |
| 30 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 31 queen | det |
| 31 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 starts | nsubj |
| 32 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 small | conj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 nest | det |
| 34 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 nest | amod |
| 35 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 starts | obj |
| 36 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 35 nest | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 small | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Bumblebee colonies | small property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | survive | present | the new queens | winter | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sleep | gerund | the new queens not said here | underground property | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | start | present | each queen | a new nest | spring | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/10/