Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees, sentence 11
Most of the world's 20,000 or so kinds of bee live alone; each female digs or builds her own nest and leaves food for each egg, and mining bees may nest close together like a village.
Who acts: Most, female, mining bees · What happens: live, dig, build, leave, nest · To what, where: own nest, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees beyond the hive: bumblebees, solitary bees, carpenter bees and stingless bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most, female, mining bees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 12 live | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 world | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 world | det |
| 4 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 kinds | nmod |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 world | case |
| 6 | 20,000 | 20000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 kinds | nummod |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 live | cc |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 20,000 | conj |
| 9 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Most | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 bee | case |
| 11 | bee | bee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 kinds | nmod |
| 12 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 12 live | advmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 digs | punct |
| 15 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 female | det |
| 16 | female | female | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 digs | nsubj |
| 17 | digs | dig | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 live | parataxis |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 builds | cc |
| 19 | builds | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 digs | conj |
| 20 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 nest | nmod:poss |
| 21 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 nest | amod |
| 22 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 builds | obj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 leaves | cc |
| 24 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 builds | conj |
| 25 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 leaves | obj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 egg | case |
| 27 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 egg | det |
| 28 | egg | egg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 food | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 nest | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 nest | cc |
| 31 | mining | mining | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 bees | compound |
| 32 | bees | bee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 nest | nsubj |
| 33 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 nest | aux |
| 34 | nest | nest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 leaves | conj |
| 35 | close | close | ADV | Degree=Pos | 36 together | advmod |
| 36 | together | together | ADV | _ | 34 nest | advmod |
| 37 | like | like | ADP | _ | 39 village | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 village | det |
| 39 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 nest | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 live | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Most 20,000 kinds of the world of bee | alone property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | dig | present | each female | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | build | present | each female not said here | bee's own nest | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product | ||||
| 4 | leave | present | each female not said here | food | for each egg | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent food=Theme for egg=Recipient | |||
| 5 | nest | may | mining bees | like a village; together property | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/305-bees-beyond-the-hive-bumblebees-solitary-bees-carpenter-bees-and-stingless-bees/11/