Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases and six legs, sentence 17
Scientists keep the word «bug» for one group of insects with a straw-like mouth; beetles chew, true bugs suck, and a beetle's wing cases meet in a straight line down its back.
Who acts: Scientists, beetles, true bugs, wing cases · What happens: keep, chew, suck, meet down · To what, where: word, back, straight line
This is a sentence of the lesson «Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases and six legs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, beetles, true bugs, wing cases), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 keep | nsubj |
| 2 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 word | det |
| 4 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 keep | obj |
| 5 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 6 bug | punct |
| 6 | bug | bug | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 word | appos |
| 7 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 6 bug | punct |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 group | case |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 group | nummod |
| 10 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 keep | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 insects | case |
| 12 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 group | nmod |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 mouth | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 mouth | det |
| 15 | straw | straw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 like | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 straw | punct |
| 17 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 mouth | amod |
| 18 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 insects | nmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 chew | punct |
| 20 | beetles | beetle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 chew | nsubj |
| 21 | chew | chew | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 keep | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 suck | punct |
| 23 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 bugs | amod |
| 24 | bugs | bug | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 suck | nsubj |
| 25 | suck | suck | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 chew | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 meet | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 meet | cc |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 beetle | det |
| 29 | beetle | beetle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 cases | nmod:poss |
| 30 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 29 beetle | case |
| 31 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 cases | compound |
| 32 | cases | case | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 meet | nsubj |
| 33 | meet | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 keep | conj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 line | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 line | det |
| 36 | straight | straight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 line | amod |
| 37 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 meet | obl |
| 38 | down | down | ADP | _ | 33 meet | compound:prt |
| 39 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 back | nmod:poss |
| 40 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 meet | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 keep | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | Scientists | the word | for one group of insects with a like mouth | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme | |||
| 2 | chew | present | beetles | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | suck | present | true bugs | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | meet down | present | a beetle's wing cases | beetle's back | a straight line | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:306-beetles-the-biggest-group-of-animals-on-earth-wing-cases-and-six-legs.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/306-beetles-the-biggest-group-of-animals-on-earth-wing-cases-and-six-legs/17/