Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases and six legs, sentence 18
A ladybird's spots do not show its age; they show its kind, so a seven-spot ladybird always has seven, and the bright colours warn birds that it tastes bad.
Who acts: spots, spot ladybird, bright colours, beetle · What happens: not show, show, have, warn, taste · To what, where: age, kind, seven, birds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases and six legs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spots, spot ladybird, bright colours, beetle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 ladybird | det |
| 2 | ladybird | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spots | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 ladybird | case |
| 4 | spots | spot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 show | nsubj |
| 5 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 show | aux |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 show | advmod |
| 7 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 age | nmod:poss |
| 9 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 show | obj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 show | punct |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 show | nsubj |
| 12 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 show | parataxis |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 kind | nmod:poss |
| 14 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 show | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 has | punct |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 has | advmod |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 ladybird | det |
| 18 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 spot | nummod |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 seven | punct |
| 20 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 ladybird | compound |
| 21 | ladybird | ladybird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 has | nsubj |
| 22 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 23 has | advmod |
| 23 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 show | parataxis |
| 24 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 has | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 warn | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 warn | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 colours | det |
| 28 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 colours | amod |
| 29 | colours | colour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 warn | nsubj |
| 30 | warn | warn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 show | conj |
| 31 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 warn | obj |
| 32 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 tastes | mark |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 tastes | nsubj |
| 34 | tastes | taste | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 warn | ccomp |
| 35 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 tastes | xcomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 show | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not show | present · do-support | a ladybird's spots | beetle's age | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent age=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | show | present | spots = spot | beetle's kind | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kind=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | have | present | a spot ladybird | seven | always property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seven=Patient | |||
| 4 | warn speech: warn | present | the bright colours | birds | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient that S»: agent=Agent bird=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | taste | present | beetle | bad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:306-beetles-the-biggest-group-of-animals-on-earth-wing-cases-and-six-legs.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/306-beetles-the-biggest-group-of-animals-on-earth-wing-cases-and-six-legs/18/