Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog, sentence 6

Tree frogs have round sticky toe pads covered in tiny six-sided cells with slime between them, gripping like a wet tyre; scientists study them to make better tyres and tape.

Who acts: Tree frogs, tiny six sided cells, scientists · What happens: have, cover, grip, study, make · To what, where: round sticky toe pads, Frogs, better tyres

This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tree frogs, tiny six sided cells, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 frogs	compound
2	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pads	amod
5	sticky	sticky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pads	amod
6	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pads	compound
7	pads	pad	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
8	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 pads	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	14 cells	case
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cells	amod
11	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 cells	nummod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 six	punct
13	sided	sided	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cells	amod
14	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 covered	obl
15	with	with	ADP	_	16 slime	case
16	slime	slime	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cells	nmod
17	between	between	ADP	_	18 them	case
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 slime	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 gripping	punct
20	gripping	grip	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 cells	acl:relcl
21	like	like	ADP	_	24 tyre	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 tyre	det
23	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 tyre	amod
24	tyre	tyre	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 gripping	obl
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 study	punct
26	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 study	nsubj
27	study	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	parataxis
28	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 study	obj
29	to	to	PART	_	30 make	mark
30	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 study	advcl
31	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	32 tyres	amod
32	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 make	obj
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 tape	cc
34	tape	tape	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 tyres	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Tree frogs	round sticky toe pads		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pad=Patient
2	cover	participle		round sticky toe pads not said here	in tiny six sided cells with slime between Frogs	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in cell=Theme
3	grip	gerund	tiny six sided cells with slime between Frogs not said here		like a wet tyre	vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	study	present	scientists	Frogs = frog		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic
5	make	to-infinitive	scientists not said here	better tyres and tape		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tyre=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/6/