Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad, sentence 6
Common frog spawn comes in a clump, each egg in its own jelly ball that protects it and keeps it warm like a little greenhouse; one common frog can lay about 1,000 to 2,000 eggs.
Who acts: Common frog spawn, own jelly ball, one common frog · What happens: come, protect, keep, lay about · To what, where: clump, spawn, 1,000 eggs
This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Common frog spawn, own jelly ball, one common frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 spawn | amod |
| 2 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spawn | compound |
| 3 | spawn | spawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 comes | nsubj |
| 4 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 clump | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 clump | det |
| 7 | clump | clump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 comes | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 egg | punct |
| 9 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 egg | det |
| 10 | egg | egg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 clump | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 ball | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 ball | nmod:poss |
| 13 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 ball | amod |
| 14 | jelly | jelly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 ball | compound |
| 15 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 egg | nmod |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 protects | nsubj |
| 17 | protects | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 ball | acl:relcl |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 protects | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 keeps | cc |
| 20 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 protects | conj |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 keeps | obj |
| 22 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 keeps | xcomp |
| 23 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 greenhouse | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 greenhouse | det |
| 25 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 greenhouse | amod |
| 26 | greenhouse | greenhouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 warm | obl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 lay | punct |
| 28 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 frog | nummod |
| 29 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 frog | amod |
| 30 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lay | nsubj |
| 31 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 lay | aux |
| 32 | lay | lay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 comes | parataxis |
| 33 | about | about | ADV | _ | 34 1,000 | advmod |
| 34 | 1,000 | 1000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 37 eggs | nummod |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 2,000 | case |
| 36 | 2,000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 1,000 | nmod |
| 37 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 lay | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 comes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | Common frog spawn | a clump and each egg in spawn's own jelly ball | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in clump=Location | ||||
| 2 | protect | present | spawn's own jelly ball | spawn | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary | ||||
| 3 | keep | present | spawn's own jelly ball not said here | spawn | warm property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 4 | lay about | can | one common frog | 1,000 eggs | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/6/