Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead, sentence 19

Scalloped hammerheads gather in big schools by day near underwater mountains, like off the Galápagos, and split up at night to hunt alone; many hammerheads are endangered by fishing, especially for their fins.

Who acts: Scalloped hammerheads, fishing · What happens: gather, split up, hunt, endanger · To what, where: big schools, many hammerheads

This is a sentence of the lesson «Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scalloped hammerheads, fishing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scalloped	scallop	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 hammerheads	amod
2	hammerheads	hammerhead	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gather	nsubj
3	gather	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 schools	case
5	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 schools	amod
6	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gather	obl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 day	case
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gather	obl
9	near	near	ADP	_	11 mountains	case
10	underwater	underwater	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 mountains	amod
11	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gather	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Galápagos	punct
13	like	like	ADP	_	16 Galápagos	case
14	off	off	ADP	_	16 Galápagos	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Galápagos	det
16	Galápagos	Galápagos	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 gather	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 split	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 split	cc
19	split	split	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 gather	conj
20	up	up	ADP	_	19 split	compound:prt
21	at	at	ADP	_	22 night	case
22	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 split	obl
23	to	to	PART	_	24 hunt	mark
24	hunt	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 split	advcl
25	alone	alone	ADV	_	24 hunt	advmod
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 endangered	punct
27	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 hammerheads	amod
28	hammerheads	hammerhead	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 endangered	nsubj
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 endangered	aux:pass
30	endangered	endanger	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 gather	parataxis
31	by	by	ADP	_	32 fishing	case
32	fishing	fishing	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 endangered	obl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 fins	punct
34	especially	especially	ADV	_	37 fins	advmod
35	for	for	ADP	_	37 fins	case
36	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 fins	nmod:poss
37	fins	fin	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 endangered	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gather	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	present	Scalloped hammerheads		big schools	day	near underwater mountains; like the Galápagos	vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	split up	past	Scalloped hammerheads not said here			night		vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	hunt	to-infinitive	Scalloped hammerheads not said here				alone property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	endanger	present · passive	fishing	many hammerheads			for Sharks's fins	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead.lesson:19.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead/19/