Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales, sentence 13

The beluga lives in the Arctic, where its white skin hides it among the ice; sailors called belugas sea canaries for their whistles and chirps.

Who acts: beluga, white skin, sailors · What happens: live, hide, call, whistle · To what, where: Arctic, beluga, ice, belugas · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beluga, white skin, sailors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beluga	det
2	beluga	beluga	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	nsubj
3	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 Arctic	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Arctic	det
6	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 lives	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 hides	punct
8	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 hides	advmod
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 skin	nmod:poss
10	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 skin	amod
11	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hides	nsubj
12	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 Arctic	acl:relcl
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 hides	obj
14	among	among	ADP	_	16 ice	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 ice	det
16	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hides	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 lives	punct
18	sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 called	nsubj
19	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 lives	parataxis
20	belugas	beluga	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 called	obj
21	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 canaries	compound
22	canaries	canary	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 called	xcomp
23	for	for	ADP	_	25 whistles	case
24	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 whistles	nmod:poss
25	whistles	whistle	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 called	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 chirps	cc
27	chirps	chirp	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 whistles	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lives	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	live	present	the beluga		the Arctic		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arctic=Location
2	hide	present	beluga's white skin	beluga	the ice		vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Patient among ice=Location
3	call	past	sailors	belugas		for sailors's whistles and chirps	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent beluga=Theme for whistle=Beneficiary
4	whistle		sailors = sailor				nom whistle «event intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/13/