Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers, sentence 6
A bat sleeps all day upside down without effort, because its toes lock shut on their own.
Who acts: bat, toes · What happens: sleep, lock
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bat, toes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 bat | det |
| 2 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sleeps | nsubj |
| 3 | sleeps | sleep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 day | det |
| 5 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sleeps | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | upside | upside | ADV | _ | 3 sleeps | advmod |
| 7 | down | down | ADV | _ | 6 upside | advmod |
| 8 | without | without | ADP | _ | 9 effort | case |
| 9 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sleeps | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 lock | punct |
| 11 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 lock | mark |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 toes | nmod:poss |
| 13 | toes | toe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 lock | nsubj |
| 14 | lock | lock | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sleeps | advcl |
| 15 | shut | shut | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 lock | xcomp |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 own | case |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 own | nmod:poss |
| 18 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 lock | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sleeps | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sleep | present | a bat | day | without effort; upside property | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | lock | present | effort's toes | on Bats's own; shut property | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on own=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/6/