Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers, sentence 7

Flying foxes are big fruit bats with wings up to about 1.5 metres across; they find fruit and nectar with good eyes and noses, not echoes, and spread seeds and pollen across forests.

Who acts: Flying foxes, Bats · What happens: fly, be, find, spread · To what, where: big fruit bats, fruit, seeds, forests

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Flying foxes, Bats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flying	fly	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 foxes	compound
2	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bats	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bats	cop
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bats	amod
5	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bats	compound
6	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 wings	case
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bats	nmod
9	up	up	ADP	_	13 metres	case
10	to	to	ADP	_	9 up	fixed
11	about	about	ADV	_	12 1.5	advmod
12	1.5	1.5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac	13 metres	nummod
13	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 wings	nmod
14	across	across	ADV	_	13 metres	advmod
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 find	punct
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 find	nsubj
17	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bats	conj
18	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 find	obj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 nectar	cc
20	nectar	nectar	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 fruit	conj
21	with	with	ADP	_	23 eyes	case
22	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 eyes	amod
23	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 find	obl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 noses	cc
25	noses	nose	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 eyes	conj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 echoes	punct
27	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	28 echoes	advmod
28	echoes	echo	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 eyes	conj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 find	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 spread	cc
31	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 find	conj
32	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 spread	obj
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 pollen	cc
34	pollen	pollen	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 seeds	conj
35	across	across	ADP	_	36 forests	case
36	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 spread	obl
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 bats	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	fly	gerund					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	Flying foxes	big fruit bats		with wings up 1.5 metres	tree rules
3	find	present	Bats = bat	fruit and nectar		with good eyes and noses and echoes	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Topic
4	spread	present	Bats = bat not said here	seeds and pollen	forests		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location seed=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/7/