Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 11
A bat box is a wooden box with a narrow slot at the bottom; it should be put high up, out of reach of cats, catching some sun, and boxes are often put in groups facing different ways so bats can choose warmer or cooler ones.
Who acts: bat box, groups, bats · What happens: be, put, catch, face, choose · To what, where: wooden box, box, reach, sun, boxes, groups
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bat box, groups, bats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 box | det |
| 2 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 box | compound |
| 3 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 box | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 box | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 box | det |
| 6 | wooden | wooden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 box | amod |
| 7 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 slot | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 slot | det |
| 10 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 slot | amod |
| 11 | slot | slot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 box | nmod |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 bottom | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 bottom | det |
| 14 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 slot | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 box | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 put | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 put | aux |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 put | aux:pass |
| 19 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 box | parataxis |
| 20 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 21 up | advmod |
| 21 | up | up | ADV | _ | 19 put | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 reach | punct |
| 23 | out | out | ADP | _ | 25 reach | case |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 reach | case |
| 25 | reach | reach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 put | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 cats | case |
| 27 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 reach | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 catching | punct |
| 29 | catching | catch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 put | advcl |
| 30 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 31 sun | det |
| 31 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 catching | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 put | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 put | cc |
| 34 | boxes | box | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 put | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 put | aux:pass |
| 36 | often | often | ADV | _ | 37 put | advmod |
| 37 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 put | conj |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 groups | case |
| 39 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 put | obl |
| 40 | facing | face | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 39 groups | acl |
| 41 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 ways | amod |
| 42 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 facing | obj |
| 43 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 46 choose | mark |
| 44 | bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 choose | nsubj |
| 45 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 46 choose | aux |
| 46 | choose | choose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 put | advcl |
| 47 | warmer | warm | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 50 ones | amod |
| 48 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 49 cooler | cc |
| 49 | cooler | cool | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 47 warmer | conj |
| 50 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 choose | obj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 box | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a bat box | a wooden box | with a narrow slot at the bottom | tree rules | |||
| 2 | put | should · passive | box | reach of cats | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme out reach=Destination | ||||
| 3 | catch | gerund | some sun | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Theme | |||||
| 4 | put | present · passive | boxes | groups | often property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in group=Destination | |||
| 5 | face | gerund | groups not said here | different ways | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Destination | ||||
| 6 | choose | can | bats | warmer ones | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/11/