Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 6
Bats are gentle and useful, but a bat you find on the ground needs a trained helper, never bare hands: tell a grown-up, who can call a bat helpline or a vet.
Who acts: Bats, you, bat · What happens: be, find, need, train, tell, call · To what, where: bat, ground, trained helper, grown, bat helpline · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, you, bat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 gentle | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 gentle | cop |
| 3 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 useful | cc |
| 5 | useful | useful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 gentle | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 needs | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 needs | cc |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 bat | det |
| 9 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 needs | nsubj |
| 10 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 find | nsubj |
| 11 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 bat | acl:relcl |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 ground | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 ground | det |
| 14 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 find | obl |
| 15 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 gentle | conj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 helper | det |
| 17 | trained | train | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 helper | amod |
| 18 | helper | helper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 needs | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 hands | punct |
| 20 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 hands | advmod |
| 21 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 hands | amod |
| 22 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 helper | appos |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 tell | punct |
| 24 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 needs | conj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 up | det |
| 26 | grown | grown-up | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 tell | obj |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 up | punct |
| 28 | up | up | PART | _ | 26 grown | compound |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 call | punct |
| 30 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 call | nsubj |
| 31 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 call | aux |
| 32 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 up | acl:relcl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 helpline | det |
| 34 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 helpline | compound |
| 35 | helpline | helpline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 call | obj |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 vet | cc |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 vet | det |
| 38 | vet | vet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 helpline | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gentle | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Bats | gentle property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | Bats not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | find | present | you | a bat not said here | the ground | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bat=Topic | |||
| 4 | need | present | a bat | a trained helper | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot helper=Theme | ||||
| 5 | train | participle | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | infinitive | a bat not said here | grown | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent grown-up=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | call | can | a bat helpline or a vet | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent helpline=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/6/