Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 7
The common pipistrelle is Britain's commonest bat; it weighs about 5 grams, less than a pound coin, may eat thousands of tiny insects in one night, and can squeeze through a gap about 1 centimetre wide.
Who acts: common pipistrelle, bat · What happens: be, weigh, eat, squeeze · To what, where: commonest bat, 5 grams, thousands, gap
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (common pipistrelle, bat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 pipistrelle | det |
| 2 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pipistrelle | amod |
| 3 | pipistrelle | pipistrelle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bat | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 bat | cop |
| 5 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 bat | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 Britain | case |
| 7 | commonest | common | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 8 bat | amod |
| 8 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 weighs | punct |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 weighs | nsubj |
| 11 | weighs | weigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 bat | parataxis |
| 12 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 5 | advmod |
| 13 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 grams | nummod |
| 14 | grams | gram | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 weighs | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 less | punct |
| 16 | less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 weighs | advcl |
| 17 | than | than | ADP | _ | 20 coin | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 coin | det |
| 19 | pound | pound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 coin | compound |
| 20 | coin | coin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 less | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 eat | punct |
| 22 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 eat | aux |
| 23 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 weighs | conj |
| 24 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 eat | obj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 insects | case |
| 26 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 insects | amod |
| 27 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 thousands | nmod |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 night | case |
| 29 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 night | nummod |
| 30 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 eat | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 squeeze | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 squeeze | cc |
| 33 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 squeeze | aux |
| 34 | squeeze | squeeze | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 eat | conj |
| 35 | through | through | ADP | _ | 37 gap | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 gap | det |
| 37 | gap | gap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 squeeze | obl |
| 38 | about | about | ADP | _ | 40 centimetre | case |
| 39 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 40 centimetre | nummod |
| 40 | centimetre | centimetre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 wide | obl |
| 41 | wide | wide | ADV | _ | 34 squeeze | advmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 bat | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the common pipistrelle | Britain's commonest bat | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | weigh | present | bat | 5 grams | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme gram=Value | ||||
| 3 | eat | may | bat not said here | thousands of tiny insects | night | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient | |||
| 4 | squeeze | can | bat not said here | a gap | wide property | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent through gap=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/7/