Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 8

In the 1990s scientists noticed some pipistrelles called at a higher pitch than others; studies showed they were two kinds, the common and the soprano pipistrelle.

Who acts: scientists, studies · What happens: notice, call, show, be · To what, where: pipistrelles, 1990s, two kinds · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, studies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 1990s	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 1990s	det
3	1990s	1990s	NOUN	Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card	5 noticed	obl
4	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 noticed	nsubj
5	noticed	notice	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 showed	parataxis
6	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	7 pipistrelles	det
7	pipistrelles	pipistrelle	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 noticed	obj
8	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 pipistrelles	acl
9	at	at	ADP	_	12 pitch	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 pitch	det
11	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 pitch	amod
12	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 called	obl
13	than	than	ADP	_	14 others	case
14	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 pitch	nmod
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 studies	punct
16	studies	study	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 showed	nsubj
17	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 kinds	nsubj
19	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 kinds	cop
20	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 kinds	nummod
21	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 showed	ccomp
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 common	punct
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 common	det
24	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 kinds	appos
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 pipistrelle	cc
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 pipistrelle	det
27	soprano	soprano	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pipistrelle	compound
28	pipistrelle	pipistrelle	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 common	conj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 noticed	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	notice	past	scientists	some pipistrelles	the 1990s		vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer pipistrelle=Stimulus
2	call	participle		some pipistrelles not said here		at a higher pitch than others	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at pitch=Stimulus
3	show	past	studies				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a	past	studies = study	two kinds			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/8/