Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up, sentence 9

The noctule is one of Britain's biggest bats; it flies high and fast over the treetops, often before it is fully dark, roosts in old woodpecker holes, and its calls are low enough that some children can hear them.

Who acts: noctule, calls, children, bat · What happens: be, fly, roost, hear, call · To what, where: one, treetops, old woodpecker holes, calls · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bats near home: pipistrelles, noctules, bat boxes and why never to pick one up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noctule, calls, children, bat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 noctule	det
2	noctule	noctule	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 one	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 one	cop
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 bats	case
6	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 bats	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Britain	case
8	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 bats	amod
9	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 one	nmod
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 flies	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 flies	nsubj
12	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 one	parataxis
13	high	high	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 flies	advmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 fast	cc
15	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 high	conj
16	over	over	ADP	_	18 treetops	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 treetops	det
18	treetops	treetop	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 flies	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 dark	punct
20	often	often	ADV	_	25 dark	advmod
21	before	before	SCONJ	_	25 dark	mark
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 dark	nsubj
23	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 dark	cop
24	fully	fully	ADV	_	25 dark	advmod
25	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 one	parataxis
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 roosts	punct
27	roosts	roost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 flies	conj
28	in	in	ADP	_	31 holes	case
29	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 holes	amod
30	woodpecker	woodpecker	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 holes	compound
31	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 roosts	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 enough	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 enough	cc
34	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	35 calls	nmod:poss
35	calls	call	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 enough	nsubj
36	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 enough	cop
37	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	38 enough	advmod
38	enough	enough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 dark	conj
39	that	that	SCONJ	_	43 hear	mark
40	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	41 children	det
41	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 hear	nsubj
42	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	43 hear	aux
43	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	38 enough	advcl
44	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 hear	obj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 one	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the noctule	one		of Britain's biggest bats	tree rules
2	fly	present	noctule		the treetops	high property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over treetop=Location
3	is	present	noctule			dark, fully, often property	tree rules
4	roost	present	noctule not said here		old woodpecker holes		vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hole=Location
5	is	present	bat's calls			enough, low property	tree rules
6	hear	can	some children	calls = call			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus
7	call		bat				nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/315-bats-near-home-pipistrelles-noctules-bat-boxes-and-why-never-to-pick-one-up/9/