Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer, sentence 19

Reindeer are the only deer in which both males and females grow antlers; males drop theirs in early winter, while females keep theirs through the winter.

Who acts: Reindeer, males, females · What happens: be, grow, drop, keep · To what, where: only deer, antlers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reindeer, males, females), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 deer	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 deer	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 deer	det
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 deer	amod
5	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 grow	obl
8	both	both	CCONJ	_	9 males	cc:preconj
9	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 grow	nsubj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 females	cc
11	females	female	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 males	conj
12	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 deer	acl:relcl
13	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 grow	obj
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 drop	punct
15	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 drop	nsubj
16	drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 deer	parataxis
17	theirs	their	PRON	Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 drop	obj
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 winter	case
19	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 winter	amod
20	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 drop	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 keep	punct
22	while	while	SCONJ	_	24 keep	mark
23	females	female	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 keep	nsubj
24	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 drop	conj
25	theirs	their	PRON	Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 keep	obj
26	through	through	ADP	_	28 winter	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 winter	det
28	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 keep	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 deer	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	is a	present	Reindeer	the only deer			tree rules
2	grow	present	males and females	antlers	the only deer		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme
3	drop	present	males	antlers = antler		winter	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent their=Theme
4	keep	present	females	antlers = antler		winter	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent their=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer.lesson:19.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/19/