Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer, sentence 9

Horns, like those of cows and goats, have a bone core covered with keratin and stay for life; the pronghorn of America sheds the outer cover of its horns every year, a bit of both.

Who acts: Horns, pronghorn · What happens: have, cover, stay, shed · To what, where: bone core, outer cover

This is a sentence of the lesson «Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horns, pronghorn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horns	horn	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Horns	punct
3	like	like	ADP	_	4 those	case
4	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	1 Horns	nmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 cows	case
6	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 those	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 goats	cc
8	goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 cows	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Horns	punct
10	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 core	det
12	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 core	compound
13	core	core	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 have	obj
14	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 core	acl
15	with	with	ADP	_	16 keratin	case
16	keratin	keratin	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 covered	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 stay	cc
18	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 have	conj
19	for	for	ADP	_	20 life	case
20	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 stay	obl
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 sheds	punct
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 pronghorn	det
23	pronghorn	pronghorn	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sheds	nsubj
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 America	case
25	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 pronghorn	nmod
26	sheds	shed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 have	parataxis
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 cover	det
28	outer	outer	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 cover	amod
29	cover	cover	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sheds	obj
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 horns	case
31	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 horns	nmod:poss
32	horns	horn	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 cover	nmod
33	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	34 year	det
34	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sheds	obl:unmarked
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 bit	punct
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 bit	det
37	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 cover	conj
38	of	of	ADP	_	39 both	case
39	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	37 bit	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Horns like those	a bone core			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent core=Patient
2	cover	participle		a bone core not said here		with keratin	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with keratin=Theme
3	stay	present	Horns like those not said here			for life	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	shed	present	the pronghorn of America	the outer cover of pronghorn's horns and a bit of both	year		vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cover=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/9/