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Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world, sentence 14

The sloth bear of India and Sri Lanka has a gap where two upper front teeth are missing; it closes its nostrils, blows away dust and sucks termites up through the gap, and mothers carry their cubs on their backs.

Who acts: sloth bear, two upper front teeth, bear, mothers · What happens: have, be, close, blow away, suck, carry · To what, where: gap, nostrils, dust, termites, cubs, backs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sloth bear, two upper front teeth, bear, mothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

detcompoundnsubjcasenmodccconjflatdetobjadvmodnummodamodamodnsubjcopacl:relclpunctnsubjparataxisnmod:possobjpunctconjadvmodobjccconjobjcompound:prtcasedetoblpunctccnsubjconjnmod:possobjcasenmod:possoblpunctrootTheDETslothNOUNbearNOUNofADPIndiaPROPNandCCONJSriPROPNLankaPROPNhasVERBaDETgapNOUNwhereADVtwoNUMupperADJfrontADJteethNOUNareAUXmissingADJ;PUNCTitPRONclosesVERBitsPRONnostrilsNOUN,PUNCTblowsVERBawayADVdustNOUNandCCONJsucksVERBtermitesNOUNupADPthroughADPtheDETgapNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJmothersNOUNcarryVERBtheirPRONcubsNOUNonADPtheirPRONbacksNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 beardet
2slothslothNOUNNumber=Sing3 bearcompound
3bearbearNOUNNumber=Sing9 hasnsubj
4ofofADP_5 Indiacase
5IndiaIndiaPROPNNumber=Sing3 bearnmod
6andandCCONJ_7 Sricc
7SriSriPROPNNumber=Sing5 Indiaconj
8LankaLankaPROPNNumber=Sing7 Sriflat
9hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
10aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art11 gapdet
11gapgapNOUNNumber=Sing9 hasobj
12wherewhereADVPronType=Rel18 missingadvmod
13twotwoNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card16 teethnummod
14upperupperADJDegree=Pos16 teethamod
15frontfrontADJDegree=Pos16 teethamod
16teethtoothNOUNNumber=Plur18 missingnsubj
17arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin18 missingcop
18missingmissingADJDegree=Pos11 gapacl:relcl
19;;PUNCT_21 closespunct
20ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs21 closesnsubj
21closescloseVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin9 hasparataxis
22itsitsPRONCase=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs23 nostrilsnmod:poss
23nostrilsnostrilNOUNNumber=Plur21 closesobj
24,,PUNCT_25 blowspunct
25blowsblowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin21 closesconj
26awayawayADV_25 blowsadvmod
27dustdustNOUNNumber=Sing25 blowsobj
28andandCCONJ_29 suckscc
29suckssuckVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin25 blowsconj
30termitestermiteNOUNNumber=Plur29 sucksobj
31upupADP_30 termitescompound:prt
32throughthroughADP_34 gapcase
33thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 gapdet
34gapgapNOUNNumber=Sing29 sucksobl
35,,PUNCT_38 carrypunct
36andandCCONJ_38 carrycc
37mothersmotherNOUNNumber=Plur38 carrynsubj
38carrycarryVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin29 sucksconj
39theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs40 cubsnmod:poss
40cubscubNOUNNumber=Plur38 carryobj
41ononADP_43 backscase
42theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs43 backsnmod:poss
43backsbackNOUNNumber=Plur38 carryobl
44..PUNCT_9 haspunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1havepresentthe sloth bear of India and Sria gapvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gap=Patient
2ispresenttwo upper front teethmissing propertytree rules
3closepresentbearbear's nostrilsvn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nostril=Patient
4blow awaypresentbear not said heredustaway propertyvn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent dust=Patient
5suckpresentbear not said heretermitesthe gapvn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent termite=Source
6carrypresentmothersmothers's cubsmothers's backsvn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

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