Bears up close: noses, claws, dens, the honey myth and bear safety, sentence 9

Bears walk on the whole sole of the foot, like us, which gives them balance and lets them stand on two legs; but a bear's biggest toe is on the outside of its foot, the opposite of ours.

Who acts: Bears, claws, biggest toe · What happens: walk, give, let, stand, be · To what, where: whole sole, balance, claws, two legs, outside

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bears up close: noses, claws, dens, the honey myth and bear safety» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bears, claws, biggest toe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 walk	nsubj
2	walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 sole	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sole	det
5	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sole	amod
6	sole	sole	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 walk	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 foot	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 foot	det
9	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sole	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 us	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	12 us	case
12	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 walk	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 gives	punct
14	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 gives	nsubj
15	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 walk	conj
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 gives	iobj
17	balance	balance	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 gives	obj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 lets	cc
19	lets	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 gives	conj
20	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 lets	obj
21	stand	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 lets	xcomp
22	on	on	ADP	_	24 legs	case
23	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 legs	nummod
24	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 stand	obl
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 outside	punct
26	but	but	CCONJ	_	35 outside	cc
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 bear	det
28	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 toe	nmod:poss
29	's	's	PART	_	28 bear	case
30	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	31 toe	amod
31	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 outside	nsubj
32	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 outside	cop
33	on	on	ADP	_	35 outside	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 outside	det
35	outside	outside	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 gives	parataxis
36	of	of	ADP	_	38 foot	case
37	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 foot	nmod:poss
38	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 outside	nmod
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 opposite	punct
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 opposite	det
41	opposite	opposite	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 outside	appos
42	of	of	ADP	_	43 ours	case
43	ours	our	PRON	Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	41 opposite	nmod
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 walk	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	walk	present	Bears			the whole sole of the foot	like us	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sole=Trajectory
2	give	present		balance	claws = claw			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient balance=Theme
3	let	present		claws = claw				tree rules
4	stand	infinitive	claws = claw not said here			two legs		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on leg=Location
5	is	present	a bear's biggest toe			the outside	of bear's foot	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:320-bears-up-close-noses-claws-dens-the-honey-myth-and-bear-safety.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/320-bears-up-close-noses-claws-dens-the-honey-myth-and-bear-safety/9/