Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattlesnakes, sentence 12
Vipers have two long hollow fangs at the front that fold back against the roof of the mouth when it closes, and spare fangs wait behind them in case one breaks.
Who acts: Vipers, two long hollow fangs, front, spare fangs, one · What happens: have, fold back, close, wait, break · To what, where: two long hollow fangs, front, case
This is a sentence of the lesson «Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattlesnakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vipers, two long hollow fangs, front, spare fangs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vipers | viper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 fangs | nummod |
| 4 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 fangs | amod |
| 5 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 fangs | amod |
| 6 | fangs | fang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obj |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 front | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 front | det |
| 9 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fangs | nmod |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 fold | nsubj |
| 11 | fold | fold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 fangs | acl:relcl |
| 12 | back | back | ADV | _ | 11 fold | advmod |
| 13 | against | against | ADP | _ | 15 roof | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 roof | det |
| 15 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 fold | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 mouth | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 mouth | det |
| 18 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 roof | nmod |
| 19 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 21 closes | advmod |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 closes | nsubj |
| 21 | closes | close | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 fold | advcl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 wait | cc |
| 24 | spare | spare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 fangs | amod |
| 25 | fangs | fang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 wait | nsubj |
| 26 | wait | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | conj |
| 27 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 28 them | case |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 wait | obl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 case | case |
| 30 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 wait | obl |
| 31 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 breaks | nsubj |
| 32 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 case | acl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Vipers | two long hollow fangs | the front | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fang=Patient | |||
| 2 | fold back | present | two long hollow fangs | against the roof of the mouth | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | close | present | front | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | wait | present | spare fangs | case | behind vipers = viper | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind they=Location | |||
| 5 | break | present | one | case not said here | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer case=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes/12/