Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattlesnakes, sentence 13
A rattlesnake's rattle is a stack of loose hollow rings made of the same stuff as your fingernails, and it adds a ring each time it sheds, several times a year, so you cannot count the rings to tell its age.
Who acts: rattle, you, rattlesnake · What happens: be, make, add, shed, not count, tell · To what, where: stack, loose hollow rings, ring, time, rings, age · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattlesnakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rattle, you, rattlesnake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 rattlesnake | det |
| 2 | rattlesnake | rattlesnake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rattle | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 rattlesnake | case |
| 4 | rattle | rattle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stack | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stack | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 stack | det |
| 7 | stack | stack | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 rings | case |
| 9 | loose | loose | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rings | amod |
| 10 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rings | amod |
| 11 | rings | ring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 stack | nmod |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 rings | acl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 stuff | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 stuff | det |
| 15 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 stuff | amod |
| 16 | stuff | stuff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obl |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 fingernails | case |
| 18 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 fingernails | nmod:poss |
| 19 | fingernails | fingernail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 stuff | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 adds | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 adds | cc |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 adds | nsubj |
| 23 | adds | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stack | conj |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 ring | det |
| 25 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 adds | obj |
| 26 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 time | det |
| 27 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 adds | obl:unmarked |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 sheds | nsubj |
| 29 | sheds | shed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 time | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 times | punct |
| 31 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 times | amod |
| 32 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 adds | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 year | det |
| 34 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 times | nmod:unmarked |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 count | punct |
| 36 | so | so | ADV | _ | 40 count | advmod |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 40 count | nsubj |
| 38 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 count | aux |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 count | advmod |
| 40 | count | count | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 adds | parataxis |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 rings | det |
| 42 | rings | ring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 count | obj |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 tell | mark |
| 44 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 count | advcl |
| 45 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 age | nmod:poss |
| 46 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 tell | obj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 stack | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a rattlesnake's rattle | a stack | of loose hollow rings | tree rules | |||
| 2 | make | participle | loose hollow rings not said here | of the same stuff as your fingernails | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 3 | add speech: assert | present | rattle | a ring | time | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient | |||
| 4 | shed | present | rattle | each time not said here | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location time=Source | ||||
| 5 | not count | can | you | the rings | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Theme | ||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | you not said here | rattle's age | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent age=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | rattle | a rattlesnake | nom rattle «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes/13/