Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures, sentence 10
DNA studies show falcons are closer relatives of parrots and songbirds than of hawks and eagles; they look alike because they do the same job.
Who acts: DNA studies, falcons, studies · What happens: show, be, look, do · To what, where: closer relatives, same job · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (DNA studies, falcons, studies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DNA | DNA | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 studies | compound |
| 2 | studies | study | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 show | nsubj |
| 3 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | falcons | falcon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 relatives | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 relatives | cop |
| 6 | closer | close | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 relatives | amod |
| 7 | relatives | relative | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 show | ccomp |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 parrots | case |
| 9 | parrots | parrot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 relatives | nmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 songbirds | cc |
| 11 | songbirds | songbird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 parrots | conj |
| 12 | than | than | ADP | _ | 14 hawks | case |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 hawks | case |
| 14 | hawks | hawk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 relatives | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 eagles | cc |
| 16 | eagles | eagle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 hawks | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 look | punct |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 look | nsubj |
| 19 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 show | parataxis |
| 20 | alike | alike | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 look | xcomp |
| 21 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 23 do | mark |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 do | nsubj |
| 23 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 look | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 job | det |
| 25 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 job | amod |
| 26 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 do | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 show | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | DNA studies | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | falcons | closer relatives | of parrots and songbirds; than hawks and eagles | tree rules | |||
| 3 | look | present | studies = study | alike property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | do | present | studies = study | the same job | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/10/