Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures, sentence 12

Sparrowhawks hunt garden birds by surprise, darting low along hedges, and the female is about twice as heavy as the male.

Who acts: Sparrowhawks, female · What happens: hunt, dart, be · To what, where: garden birds, hedges

This is a sentence of the lesson «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sparrowhawks, female), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sparrowhawks	Sparrowhawks	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hunt	nsubj
2	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 birds	compound
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hunt	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 surprise	case
6	surprise	surprise	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hunt	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 birds	punct
8	darting	dart	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 hunt	advcl
9	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 darting	advmod
10	along	along	ADP	_	11 hedges	case
11	hedges	hedge	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 darting	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 heavy	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 heavy	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 female	det
15	female	female	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 heavy	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 heavy	cop
17	about	about	ADV	_	18 twice	advmod
18	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	20 heavy	advmod
19	as	as	ADV	_	20 heavy	advmod
20	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 hunt	conj
21	as	as	ADP	_	23 male	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 male	det
23	male	male	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 heavy	obl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hunt	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hunt	present	Sparrowhawks	garden birds		by surprise	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bird=Theme by surprise=Location
2	dart	gerund	Sparrowhawks not said here		hedges	low property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along hedge=Trajectory
3	is	present	the female			as the male; heavy, twice property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/12/