Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures, sentence 20

Vultures circle to ride rising warm air and search wide areas; they do not attack living people, and when one drops down, others come from far away.

Who acts: Vultures, areas, one, others · What happens: circle, ride, rise, search, not attack, live · To what, where: rising warm air, wide areas, people

This is a sentence of the lesson «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vultures, areas, one, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 circle	nsubj
2	circle	circle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 ride	mark
4	ride	ride	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 circle	advcl
5	rising	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 air	amod
6	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 air	amod
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ride	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 search	cc
9	search	search	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 ride	conj
10	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 areas	amod
11	areas	area	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 search	obj
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 attack	punct
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 attack	nsubj
14	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 attack	aux
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 attack	advmod
16	attack	attack	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 circle	parataxis
17	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 attack	xcomp
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 attack	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 drops	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 drops	cc
21	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	23 drops	advmod
22	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 drops	nsubj
23	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 attack	advcl
24	down	down	ADP	_	23 drops	compound:prt
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 come	punct
26	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 come	nsubj
27	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 drops	conj
28	from	from	ADP	_	29 far	case
29	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	27 come	advmod
30	away	away	ADV	_	29 far	advmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 circle	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	circle	present	Vultures			vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	ride	to-infinitive	Vultures not said here	rising warm air		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
3	rise	gerund				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	search	infinitive	Vultures not said here	wide areas		vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent area=Location
5	not attack	present · do-support	areas = area	people		tree rules
6	live	gerund	areas = area not said here			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	drop down	present	one			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
8	come	present	others		far property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures.lesson:20.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/20/