A puppy at home: the first weeks, sentence 11
The first few months are when a puppy learns what is safe, and this learning window starts closing at around three months old; puppies that meet many calm new things grow into calmer dogs.
Who acts: puppy, learning window, puppies · What happens: learn, be, start, close, meet, grow · To what, where: many calm new things · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «A puppy at home: the first weeks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (puppy, learning window, puppies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 months | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 months | amod |
| 3 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 months | amod |
| 4 | months | month | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 are | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 learns | advmod |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 puppy | det |
| 8 | puppy | puppy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 learns | nsubj |
| 9 | learns | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 are | advcl |
| 10 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 12 safe | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 safe | cop |
| 12 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 learns | ccomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 starts | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 starts | cc |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 window | det |
| 16 | learning | learning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 window | compound |
| 17 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 starts | nsubj |
| 18 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 learns | conj |
| 19 | closing | close | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 starts | xcomp |
| 20 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 around | case |
| 21 | around | around | ADV | _ | 19 closing | advmod |
| 22 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 months | nummod |
| 23 | months | month | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 old | obl:unmarked |
| 24 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 around | amod |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 grow | punct |
| 26 | puppies | puppy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 grow | nsubj |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 meet | nsubj |
| 28 | meet | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 puppies | acl:relcl |
| 29 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 things | amod |
| 30 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 things | amod |
| 31 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 things | amod |
| 32 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 meet | obj |
| 33 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 are | parataxis |
| 34 | into | into | ADP | _ | 36 dogs | case |
| 35 | calmer | calm | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 36 dogs | amod |
| 36 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 grow | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 are | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | present | a puppy | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | safe property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | start | present | this learning window | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | close | gerund | this learning window not said here | around property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | meet | present | puppies | many calm new things | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Co-Agent | ||||
| 6 | grow | present | puppies | into calmer dogs result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into dog=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/11/