A kitten at home: litter trays, scratching posts and play, sentence 10

A kitten pouncing on feet under a duvet is practising stalking hidden prey, and using toys instead of hands and feet stops it learning to bite people.

Who acts: kitten · What happens: pounce, practise, stalk, use, stop, learn · To what, where: feet, hidden prey, toys, people

This is a sentence of the lesson «A kitten at home: litter trays, scratching posts and play» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kitten), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 kitten	det
2	kitten	kitten	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 practising	nsubj
3	pouncing	pounce	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 kitten	acl
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 feet	case
5	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pouncing	obl
6	under	under	ADP	_	8 duvet	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 duvet	det
8	duvet	duvet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pouncing	obl
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 practising	aux
10	practising	practise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
11	stalking	stalk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 practising	xcomp
12	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 prey	amod
13	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 stalking	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 using	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 using	cc
16	using	use	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 practising	conj
17	toys	toy	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 using	obj
18	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	20 hands	case
19	of	of	ADP	_	18 instead	fixed
20	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 using	obl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 feet	cc
22	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 hands	conj
23	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 practising	conj
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 learning	nsubj
25	learning	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 stops	xcomp
26	to	to	PART	_	27 bite	mark
27	bite	bite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 learning	xcomp
28	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 bite	obj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 practising	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	pounce	gerund	a kitten not said here		feet	under a duvet	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on foot=Trajectory
2	practise	present · progressive	a kitten				tree rules
3	stalk	gerund	a kitten not said here	hidden prey			vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme
4	use	gerund	a kitten not said here	toys		instead hands and feet	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Patient
5	stop	present	a kitten not said here				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
6	learn	gerund	kitten				vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	bite	to-infinitive	kitten not said here	people			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:327-a-kitten-at-home-litter-trays-scratching-posts-and-play.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/327-a-kitten-at-home-litter-trays-scratching-posts-and-play/10/