The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds, sentence 11
Daffodils and snowdrops flower before the trees have leaves, using food stored in their bulbs to catch sunlight before the trees shade the ground; daffodil bulbs look like onions but are poisonous.
Who acts: Daffodils, trees, daffodil bulbs · What happens: flower, have, use, store, catch, shade · To what, where: leaves, food, bulbs, sunlight, ground
This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Daffodils, trees, daffodil bulbs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daffodils | daffodil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 flower | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 snowdrops | cc |
| 3 | snowdrops | snowdrop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Daffodils | conj |
| 4 | flower | flower | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 8 have | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 trees | det |
| 7 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 have | nsubj |
| 8 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 flower | advcl |
| 9 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 have | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 using | punct |
| 11 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 flower | advcl |
| 12 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 using | obj |
| 13 | stored | store | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 food | acl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 bulbs | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 bulbs | nmod:poss |
| 16 | bulbs | bulb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 stored | obl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 catch | mark |
| 18 | catch | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 using | advcl |
| 19 | sunlight | sunlight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 catch | obj |
| 20 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 23 shade | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 trees | det |
| 22 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 shade | nsubj |
| 23 | shade | shade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 catch | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 ground | det |
| 25 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shade | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 look | punct |
| 27 | daffodil | daffodil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 bulbs | compound |
| 28 | bulbs | bulb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 look | nsubj |
| 29 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 flower | parataxis |
| 30 | like | like | ADP | _ | 31 onions | case |
| 31 | onions | onion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 look | obl |
| 32 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 34 poisonous | cc |
| 33 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 poisonous | cop |
| 34 | poisonous | poisonous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 look | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 flower | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flower | present | Daffodils and snowdrops | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | have | present | the trees | leaves | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | ||||
| 3 | use | gerund | Daffodils and snowdrops not said here | food | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient | ||||
| 4 | store | participle | food not said here | trees's bulbs | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in bulb=Location | ||||
| 5 | catch | to-infinitive | Daffodils and snowdrops not said here | sunlight | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunlight=Theme | ||||
| 6 | shade | present | the trees | the ground | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Beneficiary | ||||
| 7 | look | present | daffodil bulbs | like onions | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | is | present | daffodil bulbs not said here | poisonous property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/11/