The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds, sentence 12

Male birds sing at dawn to claim their patch and attract a partner; the still, quiet air at dawn carries song far, and robins and blackbirds are often among the first to start.

Who acts: Male birds, still quiet air, robins · What happens: sing, claim, attract, carry, be, start · To what, where: patch, partner, song

This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Male birds, still quiet air, robins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 birds	amod
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sing	nsubj
3	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 dawn	case
5	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sing	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 claim	mark
7	claim	claim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 sing	advcl
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 patch	nmod:poss
9	patch	patch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 claim	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 attract	cc
11	attract	attract	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 claim	conj
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 partner	det
13	partner	partner	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 attract	obj
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 air	punct
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 air	det
16	still	still	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 air	amod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 still	punct
18	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 air	amod
19	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 carries	nsubj
20	at	at	ADP	_	21 dawn	case
21	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 air	nmod
22	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 sing	conj
23	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 carries	obj
24	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	22 carries	advmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 first	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 first	cc
27	robins	robin	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 first	nsubj
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 blackbirds	cc
29	blackbirds	blackbird	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 robins	conj
30	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 first	cop
31	often	often	ADV	_	34 first	advmod
32	among	among	ADP	_	34 first	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 first	det
34	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 sing	conj
35	to	to	PART	_	36 start	mark
36	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	34 first	advcl
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sing	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	present	Male birds		dawn		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location
2	claim speech: other	to-infinitive	Male birds not said here	onions's patch			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent patch=Topic
3	attract	infinitive	Male birds not said here	a partner			vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent partner=Patient
4	carry	present	the still quiet air at dawn	song		far property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Theme
5	is	present	robins and blackbirds			first, often property	tree rules
6	start	to-infinitive	robins and blackbirds not said here				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/12/