The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds, sentence 7
A big bumblebee flying low in early spring is a queen, the only bumblebee that survives the winter; she searches for an old mouse hole or a tuft of grass to start a nest, which will soon hold dozens of workers.
Who acts: big bumblebee, only bumblebee, frog, nest · What happens: fly, be, survive, search, start, hold · To what, where: queen, nest, dozens
This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big bumblebee, only bumblebee, frog, nest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 bumblebee | det |
| 2 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 bumblebee | amod |
| 3 | bumblebee | bumblebee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 queen | nsubj |
| 4 | flying | fly | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 bumblebee | acl |
| 5 | low | low | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 flying | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 spring | case |
| 7 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 spring | amod |
| 8 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 flying | obl |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 queen | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 queen | det |
| 11 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 bumblebee | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 bumblebee | det |
| 14 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 bumblebee | amod |
| 15 | bumblebee | bumblebee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 queen | appos |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 survives | nsubj |
| 17 | survives | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 bumblebee | acl:relcl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 winter | det |
| 19 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 survives | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 searches | punct |
| 21 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 searches | nsubj |
| 22 | searches | search | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 survives | conj |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 hole | case |
| 24 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 hole | det |
| 25 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 hole | amod |
| 26 | mouse | mouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hole | compound |
| 27 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 searches | obl |
| 28 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 tuft | cc |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 tuft | det |
| 30 | tuft | tuft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hole | conj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 grass | case |
| 32 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tuft | nmod |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 start | mark |
| 34 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 searches | advcl |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 nest | det |
| 36 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 start | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 hold | punct |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 hold | nsubj |
| 39 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 hold | aux |
| 40 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 41 hold | advmod |
| 41 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 nest | acl:relcl |
| 42 | dozens | dozen | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 hold | obj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 workers | case |
| 44 | workers | worker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 dozens | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 queen | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | gerund | a big bumblebee not said here | spring | low property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | is a | present | a big bumblebee | a queen | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | survive | present | the only bumblebee | winter | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | search | present | frog | for a old mouse hole or a tuft of grass | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for hole=Theme | ||||
| 5 | start | to-infinitive | frog not said here | a nest | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | hold | future | a nest | dozens of workers | soon property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dozen=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/7/