Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart, sentence 12
Lime trees have heart-shaped leaves; aphids on them drop sweet honeydew, their summer flowers smell sweet and bees love them, and they are not related to the lime fruit.
Who acts: Lime trees, aphids, summer flowers, bees, leaves · What happens: have, shape, drop, smell, love, not be · To what, where: shaped leaves, sweet honeydew, leaves
This is a sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lime trees, aphids, summer flowers, bees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lime | lime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 trees | compound |
| 2 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shaped | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 shaped | punct |
| 6 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 leaves | amod |
| 7 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | obj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 aphids | punct |
| 9 | aphids | aphid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 drop | nsubj |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 them | case |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 aphids | nmod |
| 12 | drop | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | parataxis |
| 13 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 honeydew | amod |
| 14 | honeydew | honeydew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 drop | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 smell | punct |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 flowers | nmod:poss |
| 17 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 flowers | compound |
| 18 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 smell | nsubj |
| 19 | smell | smell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | conj |
| 20 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 smell | xcomp |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 love | cc |
| 22 | bees | bee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 love | nsubj |
| 23 | love | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 smell | conj |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 love | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 related | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 related | cc |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 related | nsubj |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 related | cop |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 related | advmod |
| 30 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 love | conj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 fruit | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 fruit | det |
| 33 | lime | lime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 fruit | compound |
| 34 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 related | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Lime trees | shaped leaves | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | ||||
| 2 | shape | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 3 | drop | present | aphids on leaves | sweet honeydew | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honeydew=Theme | ||||
| 4 | smell | present | leaves's summer flowers | sweet property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | love | present | bees | leaves = leaf | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | not is | present | leaves = leaf | to the lime fruit; related property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/12/