Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart, sentence 15

Each ring in a tree stump is one year of growth; wide rings show good years, thin rings show dry or cold years, and the oldest trees have thousands of rings.

Who acts: ring, wide rings, thin rings, oldest trees · What happens: be, show, have · To what, where: one year, thousands

This is a sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ring, wide rings, thin rings, oldest trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 ring	det
2	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 year	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 stump	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 stump	det
5	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stump	compound
6	stump	stump	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ring	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 year	cop
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 year	nummod
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 growth	case
11	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 year	nmod
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 show	punct
13	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 rings	amod
14	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 show	nsubj
15	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 year	parataxis
16	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 years	amod
17	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 show	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 show	punct
19	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 rings	amod
20	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 show	nsubj
21	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 show	parataxis
22	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 years	amod
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 cold	cc
24	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 dry	conj
25	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 show	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 have	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 have	cc
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 trees	det
29	oldest	old	ADJ	Degree=Sup	30 trees	amod
30	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 have	nsubj
31	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 show	conj
32	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 have	obj
33	of	of	ADP	_	34 rings	case
34	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 thousands	nmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 year	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	each ring in a tree stump	one year		of growth	tree rules
2	show	present	wide rings		year		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	show	present	thin rings		year		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	have	present	the oldest trees	thousands of rings			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/15/