Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt, sentence 12
Milk is cooled to about 4 degrees straight after milking, and at the dairy it is heated to about 72 degrees for about 15 seconds; this pasteurisation, named after Louis Pasteur, kills germs.
Who acts: pasteurisation · What happens: cool, milk, heat, name, kill · To what, where: Milk, dairy, pasteurisation, germs
This is a sentence of the lesson «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pasteurisation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cooled | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 cooled | aux:pass |
| 3 | cooled | cool | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 degrees | case |
| 5 | about | about | ADV | _ | 6 4 | advmod |
| 6 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 degrees | nummod |
| 7 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cooled | obl |
| 8 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 10 milking | advmod |
| 9 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 10 milking | mark |
| 10 | milking | milk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 cooled | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 heated | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 heated | cc |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 dairy | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 dairy | det |
| 15 | dairy | dairy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 heated | obl |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 heated | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 heated | aux:pass |
| 18 | heated | heat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 cooled | conj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 degrees | case |
| 20 | about | about | ADV | _ | 21 72 | advmod |
| 21 | 72 | 72 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 degrees | nummod |
| 22 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 heated | obl |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 seconds | case |
| 24 | about | about | ADV | _ | 25 15 | advmod |
| 25 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 seconds | nummod |
| 26 | seconds | second | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 heated | obl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 pasteurisation | punct |
| 28 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 pasteurisation | det |
| 29 | pasteurisation | pasteurisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 kills | nsubj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 named | punct |
| 31 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 pasteurisation | acl |
| 32 | after | after | ADP | _ | 34 Pasteur | case |
| 33 | Louis | Louis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Pasteur | compound |
| 34 | Pasteur | Pasteur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 named | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 named | punct |
| 36 | kills | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 cooled | parataxis |
| 37 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 kills | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cooled | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cool | present · passive | Milk | to 4 degrees | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | milk | gerund | straight property | vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | heat | present · passive | Milk | the dairy | second | to 72 degrees result | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient to degree=Result | ||
| 4 | name | participle | this pasteurisation not said here | after Louis Pasteur | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | kill | present | this pasteurisation | germs | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/12/