Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow, sentence 16

Grapes grow on a woody climbing vine that clings with curly tendrils and is pruned hard each winter; raisins and sultanas are dried grapes.

Who acts: Grapes, woody climbing vine, raisins · What happens: grow, cling, prune, dry, be · To what, where: woody climbing vine, dried grapes

This is a sentence of the lesson «Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grapes, woody climbing vine, raisins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	7 vine	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 vine	det
5	woody	woody	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 vine	amod
6	climbing	climbing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 vine	compound
7	vine	vine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 clings	nsubj
9	clings	cling	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 vine	acl:relcl
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 tendrils	case
11	curly	curly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 tendrils	amod
12	tendrils	tendril	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 clings	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 pruned	cc
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 pruned	aux:pass
15	pruned	prune	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 clings	conj
16	hard	hard	ADV	_	15 pruned	advmod
17	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	18 winter	det
18	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 pruned	obl:unmarked
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 grow	punct
20	raisins	raisin	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 grapes	nsubj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 sultanas	cc
22	sultanas	sultana	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 raisins	conj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 grapes	cop
24	dried	dry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 grapes	amod
25	grapes	grape	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	parataxis
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grow	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Grapes		a woody climbing vine			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on vine=Location
2	cling	present	a woody climbing vine				with curly tendrils	vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme with tendril=Co-Theme
3	prune	present · passive	a woody climbing vine not said here			winter	hard property	vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»
4	dry	participle						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	is a	present	raisins and sultanas	dried grapes				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow/16/