Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow, sentence 20
A pineapple grows one at a time from the middle of a low spiky plant, takes about a year and a half or more, and is made of a hundred or more tiny flowers grown together; its leafy top can be planted.
Who acts: pineapple · What happens: grow, take, make, plant · To what, where: one, middle, hundred tiny flowers, leafy top
This is a sentence of the lesson «Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pineapple), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 pineapple | det |
| 2 | pineapple | pineapple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grows | nsubj |
| 3 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 grows | obj |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 time | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 time | det |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 one | nmod |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 middle | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 middle | det |
| 10 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grows | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 plant | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 plant | det |
| 13 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 plant | amod |
| 14 | spiky | spiky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 plant | amod |
| 15 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 middle | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 takes | punct |
| 17 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 grows | conj |
| 18 | about | about | ADV | _ | 17 takes | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 year | det |
| 20 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 takes | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 half | cc |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 half | det |
| 23 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 20 year | conj |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 more | cc |
| 25 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 17 takes | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 made | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 made | cc |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 made | aux:pass |
| 29 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 grows | conj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 flowers | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 flowers | det |
| 32 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 flowers | nummod |
| 33 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 more | cc |
| 34 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 32 hundred | conj |
| 35 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 flowers | amod |
| 36 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 made | obl |
| 37 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 flowers | acl |
| 38 | together | together | ADV | _ | 37 grown | advmod |
| 39 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 planted | punct |
| 40 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 top | nmod:poss |
| 41 | leafy | leafy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 top | amod |
| 42 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 planted | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 planted | aux |
| 44 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 45 planted | aux:pass |
| 45 | planted | plant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 made | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 grows | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | a pineapple | one | the middle of a low spiky plant | at a time | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent one=Product from middle=Material | ||
| 2 | take | present | a pineapple not said here | year | about property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | make | present · passive | a pineapple not said here | of a hundred tiny flowers | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP» | ||||
| 4 | grow | participle | a hundred tiny flowers not said here | together property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | plant | can · passive | pineapple's leafy top | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow.lesson:20.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow/20/