Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow, sentence 19

Ripe fruit gives off ethylene gas, which makes nearby fruit ripen, and shippers keep bananas cold and away from it on long trips, then release the gas in ripening rooms.

Who acts: Ripe fruit, ethylene gas, nearby fruit, shippers · What happens: give off, make, ripen, keep, release · To what, where: ethylene gas, nearby fruit, bananas, long trips, gas

This is a sentence of the lesson «Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ripe fruit, ethylene gas, nearby fruit, shippers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ripe	ripe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fruit	amod
2	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	nsubj
3	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	3 gives	compound:prt
5	ethylene	ethylene	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gas	compound
6	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 makes	punct
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 makes	nsubj
9	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 gas	acl:relcl
10	nearby	nearby	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 fruit	amod
11	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 makes	obj
12	ripen	ripen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 makes	xcomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 keep	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 keep	cc
15	shippers	shipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 keep	nsubj
16	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gives	conj
17	bananas	banana	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 keep	obj
18	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 keep	xcomp
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 it	cc
20	away	away	ADV	_	18 cold	conj
21	from	from	ADP	_	22 it	case
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 gives	conj
23	on	on	ADP	_	25 trips	case
24	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 trips	amod
25	trips	trip	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 keep	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 release	punct
27	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	28 release	advmod
28	release	release	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gives	conj
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 gas	det
30	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 release	obj
31	in	in	SCONJ	_	32 ripening	mark
32	ripening	ripen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	33 rooms	compound
33	rooms	room	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 release	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gives	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give off	present	Ripe fruit	ethylene gas				vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme
2	make	present	ethylene gas	nearby fruit				tree rules
3	ripen	infinitive	nearby fruit not said here					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	keep	present	shippers	bananas	long trips		cold property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent banana=Theme on trip=Location
5	release	present	Ripe fruit not said here	the gas		then	ripening rooms obl	vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer gas=Source
6	ripen	gerund						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow.lesson:19.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow/19/