Sugar, chocolate, tea and coffee: the plants behind treats, sentence 8
Many of these plants make caffeine or similar chemicals to defend themselves from insects.
Who acts: Many · What happens: make, defend · To what, where: caffeine
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sugar, chocolate, tea and coffee: the plants behind treats» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 make | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 plants | case |
| 3 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 plants | det |
| 4 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Many | nmod |
| 5 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | caffeine | caffeine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 make | obj |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 chemicals | cc |
| 8 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 chemicals | amod |
| 9 | chemicals | chemical | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 caffeine | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 defend | mark |
| 11 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 make | advcl |
| 12 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 defend | obj |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 insects | case |
| 14 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 defend | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Many of this plants | caffeine or similar chemicals | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset caffeine=Product | ||||
| 2 | defend | to-infinitive | Many of this plants not said here | caffeine | from insects | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary from insect=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:347-sugar-chocolate-tea-and-coffee-the-plants-behind-treats.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/347-sugar-chocolate-tea-and-coffee-the-plants-behind-treats/8/