A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding, sentence 19
Farms have dangers such as tractors, bulls, cows with calves and deep slurry pits; the Countryside Code asks people to leave gates as they found them and keep dogs under control.
Who acts: Farms, Countryside Code, gates · What happens: have, ask, leave, find, keep · To what, where: dangers, people, gates, dogs, control
This is a sentence of the lesson «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Farms, Countryside Code, gates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Farms | farm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | dangers | danger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obj |
| 4 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 6 tractors | case |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 4 such | fixed |
| 6 | tractors | tractor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dangers | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 bulls | punct |
| 8 | bulls | bull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 tractors | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 cows | punct |
| 10 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dangers | conj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 calves | case |
| 12 | calves | calf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 cows | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 pits | cc |
| 14 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 pits | amod |
| 15 | slurry | slurry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 pits | compound |
| 16 | pits | pit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 calves | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 asks | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Code | det |
| 19 | Countryside | countryside | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Code | compound |
| 20 | Code | code | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 asks | nsubj |
| 21 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | parataxis |
| 22 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 asks | obj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 leave | mark |
| 24 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 asks | xcomp |
| 25 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 leave | obj |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 28 found | mark |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 found | nsubj |
| 28 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 leave | advcl |
| 29 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 found | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 keep | cc |
| 31 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 leave | conj |
| 32 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 keep | obj |
| 33 | under | under | ADP | _ | 34 control | case |
| 34 | control | control | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 keep | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Farms | dangers and cows with calves and deep slurry pits | such tractors and bulls | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent danger=Patient | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | present | the Countryside Code | people | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | leave not said to happen | to-infinitive | the Countryside Code not said here | gates | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Theme | ||||
| 4 | find | past | gates = gate | people | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic | ||||
| 5 | keep | infinitive | the Countryside Code not said here | dogs | control | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dog=Theme under control=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/19/