A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding, sentence 18

Farmers spread manure and slurry, a runny mix of muck and water, on fields as fertiliser, but too much washed into rivers harms fish, so there are rules about when to spread it.

Who acts: Farmers, rules · What happens: spread, wash, harm, be · To what, where: manure, fields, rivers, fish, farmer

This is a sentence of the lesson «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Farmers, rules), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	nsubj
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	manure	manure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 slurry	cc
5	slurry	slurry	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 manure	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 mix	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 mix	det
8	runny	runny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 mix	amod
9	mix	mix	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 manure	appos
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 muck	case
11	muck	muck	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mix	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 water	cc
13	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 muck	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 fields	punct
15	on	on	ADP	_	16 fields	case
16	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	obl
17	as	as	ADP	_	18 fertiliser	case
18	fertiliser	fertiliser	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 harms	punct
20	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 washed	cc
21	too	too	ADV	_	22 much	advmod
22	much	much	ADV	_	23 washed	advmod
23	washed	wash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 harms	nsubj
24	into	into	ADP	_	25 rivers	case
25	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 washed	obl
26	harms	harm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 spread	conj
27	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 harms	obj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 are	punct
29	so	so	ADV	_	31 are	advmod
30	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	31 are	expl
31	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 harms	conj
32	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 are	nsubj
33	about	about	SCONJ	_	36 spread	mark
34	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	36 spread	advmod
35	to	to	PART	_	36 spread	mark
36	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 rules	acl
37	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 spread	obj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	spread	present	Farmers	manure and slurry	fields	as fertiliser	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent manure=Theme on field=Destination
2	wash	participle			rivers		vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	harm	present		fish			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fish=Experiencer
4	does	present	rules		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	spread	to-infinitive	rules not said here	farmer			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/18/